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Submit ReviewCHIR 99021
Description: CHIR 99021 synthesized to cGMP guidelines
Chemical Name: 6-[[2-[[4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]ethyl]amino]-3-pyridinecarbonitrile
Purity: ≥99%
Biological Activity for CHIR 99021
CHIR 99021 synthesized to cGMP guidelines. Suitable for use as an ancillary reagent in the further manufacturing of cell therapies.
For more information about how CHIR 99021 may be used, please see our protocols: Transdifferentiating Fibroblasts into Neurons, Culturing Transcriptomically Distinct Pluripotent mESCs, Converting Fibroblasts into Cardiomyocytes (9C Cocktail), Human iPSC-derived Myoblasts, Reprogramming MEFs into Skeletal Muscle Progenitors, Highly Efficient Generation of CiPSCs from MEFs, Generation of Kidney Organoids from hPSCs.
Research use only CHIR 99021 also available.
Scientific Data
iPSC-derived Human Heart-forming Organoids Human iPSCs were embedded in Cultrex™ UltiMatrix RGF Basement Membrane Extract (R&D Systems, Catalog # BME001-05) and differentiated with CHIR 99021 (Tocris Bioscience, Catalog # TB4423-GMP) and IWP 2 (Tocris Bioscience, Catalog # 3533) into heart-forming organoids based on a protocol from Drakhlis, L. et al. (2021) Nat. Biotechnol. 39:737. Successful differentiation was demonstrated by staining the cells with A) a Rabbit Anti-Human Cardiac Troponin T Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (green; Novus Biologicals, Catalog # NBP3-13391) to detect cardiomyocytes and a Goat Anti-Human CD31/PECAM-1 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (red; R&D Systems, Catalog # AF3628) to detect endothelial cells. The cells were counterstained with DAPI (blue; Tocris Bioscience, Catalog # 5748). As formation of early embryonic heart anlagen is associated with nascent foregut endoderm development, cells were also stained with B) a Goat Anti-Human SOX2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (red; R&D Systems, Catalog # AF2018) and a Mouse Anti-Human HNF-4 alpha/NR2A1 Monoclonal Antibody (green; R&D Systems, Catalog # PP-K9218-00) to detect anterior and posterior foregut endoderm cells, respectively. The cells were counterstained with DAPI (blue; Tocris Bioscience, Catalog # 5748).
Current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) is a harmonized set of guidelines that when implemented will ensure safe, reliable, consistent and quality-assured products. The Tocris range of cGMP small molecules is manufactured following relevant sections of ICH Q7 guidelines. Our highly skilled team has full control over the cGMP process, meaning we can ensure: a quality-assured manufacturing system, batch-to-batch consistency, consistent supply, traceability from starting material to final product, and animal-free production. Find out more about the Tocris range of cGMP compounds.
Technical Data for CHIR 99021
| M. Wt | 465.34 |
| Formula | C22H18Cl2N8 |
| Storage | Store at -20°C(±5°C) |
| Purity | ≥99% |
| CAS Number | 252917-06-9 |
| InChI Key | FHYUGAJXYORMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Smiles | ClC(C=C1Cl)=CC=C1C2=NC(NCCNC3=CC=C(C#N)C=N3)=NC=C2C4=NC=C(C)N4 |
The technical data provided above is for guidance only. For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
This product is intended for research use or further manufacturing only.
Product Datasheets for CHIR 99021
Certificate of Analysis is currently unavailable on-line.
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References for CHIR 99021
References are publications that support the biological activity of the product.
If you know of a relevant reference for CHIR 99021, please let us know.
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1 Citation for CHIR 99021
Citations are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for CHIR 99021 include:
Nguyen et al (2019) Constructing an Isogenic 3D Human Nephrogenic Progenitor Cell Model Composed of Endothelial, Mesenchymal, and SIX2-Positive Renal Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019 3298432 PMID: 31191670
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Protocols for CHIR 99021
The following protocols feature additional information for the use of CHIR 99021 (Cat. No. TB4423-GMP).
- Transdifferentiating Fibroblasts into Neurons
- Culturing Transcriptomically Distinct Pluripotent mESCs
- Converting Fibroblasts into Cardiomyocytes (9C Cocktail)
- Human iPSC-derived Myoblasts
- Reprogramming MEFs into Skeletal Muscle Progenitors
- Highly Efficient Generation of CiPSCs from MEFs
- Generation of Kidney Organoids from hPSCs
Literature in this Area
Tocris offers the following scientific literature in this area to showcase our products. We invite you to request* your copy today!
*Please note that Tocris will only send literature to established scientific business / institute addresses.
Stem Cell Research Product Guide
This product guide provides a background to the use of small molecules in stem cell research and lists over 200 products for use in:
- Self-renewal and Maintenance
- Differentiation
- Reprogramming
- Organoid Generation
- GMP and Ancillary Material Grade Products
Stem Cells Scientific Review
Written by Kirsty E. Clarke, Victoria B. Christie, Andy Whiting and Stefan A. Przyborski, this review provides an overview of the use of small molecules in the control of stem cell growth and differentiation. Key signaling pathways are highlighted, and the regulation of ES cell self-renewal and somatic cell reprogramming is discussed. Compounds available from Tocris are listed.
Stem Cell Workflow Poster
Stem cells have potential as a source of cells and tissues for research and treatment of disease. This poster summarizes some key protocols demonstrating the use of small molecules across the stem cell workflow, from reprogramming, through self-renewal, storage and differentiation to verification. Advantages of using small molecules are also highlighted.
Stem Cells Poster
Written by Rebecca Quelch and Stefan Przyborski from Durham University (UK), this poster describes the isolation of pluripotent stem cells, their maintenance in culture, differentiation, and the generation and potential uses of organoids.